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Development of Somaclonal Variant Using Inflorescence/ Somatic Tissue of Sugarcane

Sk. A Mannan
Chief Scientific Officer
Breeding Division, BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M R Alam
Scientific Officer
Breeding Division, BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

K M R Karim
Scientific Officer
Breeding Division, BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

H M Tarique
Scientific Office
Breeding Division, BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M M Rahman
Scientific Office
Breeding Division, BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M A Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer
Head, Biotechnology Division,BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment was conducted to develop somaclonal plant and induce flower in non-flowering germplasm through plant tissue culture practice in the germplasm laboratory of BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna during the cropping season 2010-2011.Under this programme, leaf segment of varieties/clones were cultured in modified MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l 2,4-D. After callusing they were transferred in shooting medium and then rooted. Finally the complete plantlets were acclimatized at the ex vitro condition. After hardening in the nursery bed they were planted in the field at R0 generation following normal culture practice. For somaclonal plant development programme, 2,4-D was used in MS/MMS medium to develop somaclonal variant. From different test stage (R1, R2, R3 and R4 generations) 59 somatic variants were selected and planted in R2, R3, R4 and R5 generations. Four promising somatic lines viz., Isd 18 T1, Isd 18 T2, Ni 8 (1) and Ni 8 (2) were evaluated in trails. Among these Isd 18 T2 was selected and planted in ZYT-III stage for further evaluation.

Keywords: Somaclone, Sugarcane

Location: BSRI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Start Date: 01-07-2003

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

I. To develop somaclonal plant for higher cane and sugar yield, and red rot resistant flowering variety. II. To induce flower in non-flowering germplasm through plant tissue culture practice III.To compare the in vitro field grown plants with donor plants.

Methodology:

The experiment were carried out in vitro in the germplasm laboratory of BSRI. Different aged inflorescence/ somatic tissues as explants of Isd 5-55, Isd 2-54, BS-96, Isd 17, Isd 18, L Jaba-C, PR 1000, VMC 86-503 and Amrita varieties were collected from field grown plants at different times. General aseptic techniques concerning in vitro culture of plant tissue and organ culture were followed. The explant were disinfected using 0.1% HgCl₂ or NaHCl₂. Later on, the material were washed with distilled water and the inflorescence were taken out through opening of flag leaf. Mercuric chloride or Hypochloride were also be used to disinfect the somatic tissues after collecting from the field. MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium and its modification were used for somatic tissue and inflorescence culture supplemented with auxin in different concentrations for callus formation. After callus formation from the explant, the culture were kept for shoot initiation and elongation. Then it were transferred in shoot multiplication media and finally in rooting media. Normally, culture were grown on medium having carbon source (1-3%), 0.6% gelling agent (agar) and pH will be set at 5.7 with 0.1N NaOH or 0.1N HCl. Later on plantlets were potted in glasshouse prior to acclimatize in natural conditions. Finally newly developed plantlets were being transplanted in the field under different regeneration stages (R0, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5) and data were recorded for comparison with the donor plant

Source of Information: Annual Research Programme 2010-2011 & Annual Report 2011-12

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 4,56,000.00

Total Budget (Tk.) : 4,56,000.00

Achievement/Findings:

Four promising somatic lines viz., Isd 18 T1, Isd 18 T2, Ni 8 (1) and Ni 8 (2) were found. Among these Isd 18 T2 was selected and planted in ZYT-III stage for further evaluation.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings